Part of Orders of the Day — Finance Bill. – in the House of Commons am ar 7 Gorffennaf 1937.
Mr Daniel Somerville
, Willesden East
Everyone appreciates the motive behind this Clause. I hesitate to say that it is, in fact, contrary to the basic principle of the National Defence Contribution in case some one should move to report Progress. But the principle of the National Defence Contribution has already been approved by the Committee, and the principle is that the tax is one on profits of companies and not on the incomes of those who may participate as shareholders in such profits. There have been suggestions that the Chancellor of the exchequer ought to have made it a tax on income or an increased Income Tax, but in fact the principle of the National Defence Contribution is that it should be 5 per cent. of the profits earned by companies or firms without regard to the incomes, Income Tax liabilities, exemptions or Surtax liabilities of those who participate in the profits of that company. If the Clause were accepted it would alter that principle altogether, because it would, in fact, make it a tax on the income of individuals. If you are exempted or partially exempted from Income Tax, under this Clause you would get, in addition to the declared dividend, a bonus, representing the individual share of the National Defence Contribution. All the people outside the Income Tax limit would get the dividend plus x. The people within the Income Tax limit would get only the dividend. There would be, obviously, a tax on incomes.
A parliamentary bill is divided into sections called clauses.
Printed in the margin next to each clause is a brief explanatory `side-note' giving details of what the effect of the clause will be.
During the committee stage of a bill, MPs examine these clauses in detail and may introduce new clauses of their own or table amendments to the existing clauses.
When a bill becomes an Act of Parliament, clauses become known as sections.
The chancellor of the exchequer is the government's chief financial minister and as such is responsible for raising government revenue through taxation or borrowing and for controlling overall government spending.
The chancellor's plans for the economy are delivered to the House of Commons every year in the Budget speech.
The chancellor is the most senior figure at the Treasury, even though the prime minister holds an additional title of 'First Lord of the Treasury'. He normally resides at Number 11 Downing Street.